Mac Security 101: How to Check for Malware on Mac

When was the last time you checked for malware on your Mac? Maybe you’re thinking that your Mac is immune to viruses because it's just so sleek, stylish, and smooth. You’re not alone—many Mac users assume that macOS is impervious to malware.

But unfortunately, that’s not the case. While Macs are known for being less prone to viruses compared to Windows PCs, they can still fall victim to malicious software (also called malware) that can affect your Mac’s performance, steal your personal files, and cause a whole lot of chaos.

In this Mysterium VPN guide, we’ll dive into how to check for malware on your Mac, provide you with the best ways to remove it, and share tips to help you stay safe online. So, let’s roll up our sleeves, pop open the Mac's system settings, and practice cyber hygiene!

What is Malware?

Malware (short for malicious software) is any software intentionally designed to cause harm to a computer system, network, or device. It can take many forms, including viruses, malvertising, worms, ransomware, spyware, and Trojans. But we'll talk about that later!

The primary goal of malware is often to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to your system and data. Some malware is built to steal sensitive information, such as personal files, passwords, or financial data, while others are intended to make your system unusable or force you to pay a ransom.

Why is Malware Created?

Malware is created for various malicious purposes, including:

• Financial gain: Some malware, like ransomware, is created to demand a ransom from victims to regain access to their files or systems. Other forms of malware steal personal and financial information, such as credit card details or login credentials, which can then be sold on the dark web.
• Data theft: Cybercriminals create malware to gain access to sensitive data. This can include stealing personal files, intellectual property, or login credentials for use in fraud or identity theft.
• Espionage: Malware is sometimes created to spy on users or organizations. Governments, hackers, and corporate spies may use it to gather confidential information, monitor communications, or manipulate data for political or business advantage.
• Disruption: Some malware is created purely to cause disruption. It may be used to disable systems, cause crashes, or overwhelm networks (as in DDoS attacks) to damage reputations, create chaos, or bring down organizations.
• Botnets: Some malware is created to turn devices into part of a botnet, a network of infected devices that can be remotely controlled. These botnets are often used for malicious activities like launching large-scale attacks, sending spam emails, or performing cryptocurrency mining.
• Revenge or hacktivism: In some cases, malware is created for reasons of revenge or to promote a political agenda. Hackers may target individuals, organizations, or governments they oppose by disrupting services or stealing sensitive data.

How is Malware Created?

Malware is created using a combination of programming knowledge, social engineering tactics, and sometimes even automated tools. Here’s a general look at the process:

• Coding: Malware developers typically write malicious code using programming languages like C, C++, Python, or JavaScript. The code is designed to exploit specific vulnerabilities in operating systems, applications, or networks.
• Exploiting vulnerabilities: Malware creators often take advantage of security flaws or bugs in software (called zero-day vulnerabilities) to infiltrate systems. Once a vulnerability is found, they design malware to exploit it, allowing them to access or control a device.
• Social engineering: Malware creators often use social engineering tactics to trick victims into downloading or executing malicious files. This might involve emails with malicious attachments, fake software updates, or websites that look legitimate but install malware when visited.
• Payload delivery: After malware is created, it needs to be delivered to the target. This can happen through various methods, such as infected email attachments, downloads from unreliable websites, fake software updates, or even physical media like USB drives.
• Testing and distribution: After the malware is developed, the creator often tests it to ensure it functions as intended and can avoid detection by antivirus software. Once the malware is ready, it’s distributed via different channels, often using networks, spam emails, or exploit kits that automatically scan and infect vulnerable devices.

Malware development continues to evolve as hackers find new ways to evade detection and increase the damage they cause. As technology advances, it becomes increasingly important to stay vigilant and use the latest security measures to protect against malware threats.

How to Detect Malware on Your Mac: Signs and Symptoms

Malware on your Mac may not always be as obvious as a pop-up asking for your password (though that’s a huge red flag).

Sometimes, it can be hiding deep within system files or disguised as a seemingly legitimate app. Here are a few common signs to help you identify malware:

• Unusual Mac behavior: If your Mac is running slow, crashing unexpectedly, or behaving erratically, you might be dealing with a malware infection. Pay attention to things like sluggish performance or unexplainable system crashes.
• Strange files or applications: Malware might disguise itself as a normal file, but be on the lookout for any apps or files in your system you don’t recognize. Suspicious files can often be found in your downloads folder or system files.
• Unexpected pop-ups or browser redirects: Pop-ups that seem too good to be true? They probably are. If your browser homepage suddenly changes or you’re bombarded with fake update notifications, it could be malware designed to trick you into installing even more dangerous software.

Known Malware That Could Infect Your Operating System

Here’s a breakdown of the types of malware that could make their way onto your Mac and what you should watch out for!

Adware

Adware is one of the most common types of malware that targets Mac users. It usually manifests as intrusive ads or pop-ups that appear unexpectedly, often on websites you visit or within applications you download.

While adware is typically more of an annoyance than a dangerous threat, it can slow down your system and collect personal information if left unchecked. If your browser homepage suddenly changes or your screen is bombarded with unwanted ads, it’s time to remove the adware.

Spyware

Spyware is malware designed to track your activities, such as your browsing habits, keystrokes, and sometimes even personal information like your iCloud password.

It silently collects data and can send it to cybercriminals for malicious purposes. This type of malware can easily sneak in through suspicious downloads, fake updates, or compromised websites.

The worst part? You might not even know it's there, quietly running in the background.

Ransomware

Ransomware is one of the most malicious types of malware out there. It essentially locks your files or entire system and demands a ransom payment to restore access.

While ransomware is more common on Windows computers, there have been instances of it targeting Mac computers. If you receive any suspicious emails with attachments or links that ask you to download or open files, be cautious—these could contain ransomware.

Trojans

Trojans disguise themselves as legitimate software but carry malicious payloads that can compromise your system. They might be hidden in cracked software, pirated apps, or other downloads that seem too good to be true.

Once installed, Trojans can access personal files, steal sensitive information, or even install other types of malware on your system. Always make sure to download software from trusted sources like the Mac App Store to avoid Trojan infections.

Viruses

While rare, Mac viruses can spread through infected files or apps that you download from unverified sources. They can infect files and replicate themselves across your system, making it harder to remove them.

A Mac virus scan using reputable antivirus software can help detect and eliminate viruses, protecting your system from further damage.

Rootkits

Rootkits are sneaky types of malware that hide deep within the system files, making them difficult to detect. Once installed, they can give attackers full control over your Mac, allowing them to execute commands, steal data, or even disable security features.

Rootkits are dangerous because they often stay hidden even from antivirus software. Keeping your system tools and software up-to-date is key to protecting your Mac from these stealthy threats.

Worms

Worms are a type of self-replicating malware that can spread across a network, causing widespread infection. Unlike viruses, worms don’t need a host file to spread—they can work independently.

They might come through email attachments, links, or suspicious software downloads. Though rare on Macs, worms can cause significant damage if they do get through, slowing down your system and spreading to other devices connected to your network.

Fake Updates

Fake update scams are one of the most common methods for distributing malware. You might see pop-ups or notifications asking you to update software, often claiming it’s necessary for security purposes. These pop-ups are usually a trick designed to get you to download malware.

Never trust pop-ups or random update requests from unknown sources—always updatethe  software directly from the Mac App Store or trusted developer websites.

How to Scan for Malware on Your Mac

To scan your Mac for malware, start by checking the most obvious places first.

Run a Virus Scan

First, open your antivirus software. If you don’t already have one, we highly recommend downloading a trusted malware scanner.

Some malware may have already been detected by your antivirus software, but if it hasn't, running a virus scan will give you a clean sweep.

Use the Mac’s Built-In System Tools

You can also use system tools such as the Activity Monitor (found under Applications > Utilities) to check for suspicious processes.

The Disk Utility is another handy tool that helps you check your system for inconsistencies that could be caused by malware.

Check for Suspicious Extensions or Apps

In System Preferences, look for any unfamiliar login items or apps that start up automatically. You can also check your browser extensions and remove anything suspicious.

How to Scan Other Devices for Malware

• Windows PC: Run a full virus scan using a reputable antivirus program like Windows Defender or a third-party malware scanner. Look out for sluggish performance, unusual pop-ups, or unexpected crashes.
• Android devices: Use a trusted mobile antivirus app to scan for malware, and be wary of apps from unknown sources or excessive permissions requested by apps.
• iPhone/iPad: iOS is relatively secure, but to check for malware, look out for unusual battery drain or data usage, and ensure automatic updates are enabled for apps and the operating system.
• Linux computers: Run ClamAV or another antivirus tool to scan for malware; since Linux is less prone to malware, focus on any unusual file access or strange behavior in system files.
• Smart TVs: Perform a firmware update to ensure the latest security patches are installed and avoid installing apps from third-party sources that could distribute malware.
• Routers: Log into the router’s admin panel and check for unusual device connections, unauthorized changes to settings, or new firmware updates. Reset the router to factory settings if suspicious activity is detected.
• Game consoles (e.g., PlayStation, Xbox): Keep the console's firmware up to date and avoid downloading games or apps from unofficial sources. If the console is acting up, consider performing a factory reset.

How to Remove Malware from Your Mac

Removing malware from your Mac involves a few steps to ensure that you get rid of all the hidden files and software that could be damaging your system. Here’s what you need to do.

Delete Suspicious Apps and Files

Head over to the Applications folder and look for any suspicious software. If you find any, click uninstall or drag them to the Trash. Be sure to also empty your trash after you delete these files.

Clear Your Downloads Folder

Malware often hides in your downloads folder, so it’s a good idea to clear out any old or unverified downloads. This helps eliminate any rogue files that could be causing issues.

Enable Maximum Security with a VPN

One of the easiest ways to prevent malware in the future is to use a VPN like Mysterium VPN.

This will hide your IP address and encrypt your internet connection, which can stop hackers from distributing malware via malicious websites.

Antivirus Software: Essential for Maximum Security

While Macs are less susceptible to viruses than Windows, that doesn’t mean you should skip installing antivirus software.

Malware can still infect Mac computers through various means—whether that’s via browser extensions, fake updates, or suspicious downloads.

Some users might think that the Mac App Store is a safe haven, but that’s not always the case. Malware can sneak into your Mac even from legitimate sources.

Make sure to use a virus scanner regularly and update your software to stay ahead of the latest virus threats.

Prevent Malware on Your Mac

You can take proactive measures to keep malware away from your Mac. Here are some Mac tips.

Enable Two-Factor Authentication

Protect your iCloud password and all your accounts by enabling two-factor authentication (2FA). This adds an extra layer of security that will make it harder for hackers to gain access.

Use Strong Passwords and Password Managers

Password managers can store all your passwords securely, and they can even generate random, strong passwords for you. This reduces the chance of attackers accessing your personal files.

Be Wary of Fake Updates

If you see a pop-up asking you to update your software, make sure it’s from a legitimate source. Malware often disguises itself as a system update, tricking users into clicking on fake update notifications.

Conclusion: Stay Safe and Keep Your Mac Malware-Free

So, can Macs get viruses? Yes, they can. While it’s true that they are generally more secure than other operating systems, Mac malware is a real threat.

Regular scans, smart security practices, and the use of a reliable VPN like Mysterium VPN can help you stay safe from malware attacks.

Make sure to regularly update your operating system, run virus scans, and watch out for any suspicious activity. Above all, practice good cyber hygiene to protect all your personal files and enjoy a malware-free Mac experience!

‍